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一切从数据开始
![Dr. 迈克尔·麦卡锡](/sites/default/files/styles/width_960/public/2019-02/mccarthy_michael_data_science_20181114_0022.jpg?h=2c094922&itok=o0GL8vRq)
数据科学助理教授 迈克尔·麦卡锡 on data scientists' crucial role in predicting — and combating — the COVID-19 pandemic.
The fight against COVID-19 goes far beyond the hospital. As healthcare workers treat and support those infected, public health professionals are working tirelessly to predict the virus's spread through society.
“The foundation for all of this analysis is data,迈克尔·麦卡锡说。, assistant professor of data science at 尤蒂卡学院.
From the number of positive tests for a given area to the demographics and numbers of inpatients at area hospitals, data and data scientists are key to both our understanding of the virus and the decisions government leaders are making in response.
We talked to McCarthy to learn more about data science and why data scientists are essential to combating COVID-19.
四个要点:
1. 数据科学超越了数字.
Good data collection is but the first step in the data-science process; well-trained data scientists working with the epidemiologists transform the data into knowledge so our leaders can make decisions based on the best understanding of the data.
“数据, combined with sophisticated epidemiological forecasting tools, provides the foundation for the response decisions that our leaders are making every day,麦卡锡说。.
2. 好的数据是干净的数据.
预测建模, 或者用数据预测结果, is one of the key insights provided by data scientists but there are many prerequisites before predictive modeling is possible, 麦卡锡说. 首先,需要干净和最新的数据.
“This first step can be the most difficult because organizational data is often located in multiple places; this is especially true for the COVID-19 response,他说.
“清洁”数据, 他说, ensures that variables' units are standardized (distances measured in kilometer or miles, 例如).
“Even the best analysis techniques are worthless with unorganized and unstandardized data,麦卡锡说。. “We in the data science discipline call this 'GIGO' for “garbage in – garbage out.”
3. 但没有数据是完美的.
“The transformation of data to informed decision making is a long process that has many potential hiccups. For example, the data might be incomplete and we don't even know it. We have seen this when the lack of testing in areas led some to think the virus was not as widespread,麦卡锡说。.
另外, 他解释说, some people infected with COVID-19 show few or no symptoms but can still transmit the virus. 这扭曲了数据.
4. Despite the current economy, data scientists are more in-demand than ever.
麦卡锡认为, a data scientist has the knowledge and skills to provide data-driven solutions for an organization. These solutions range 从 simple descriptive insights to sophisticated predictive or forecasting solutions.
“在实践中, 数据科学家是一名程序员, 数学家, and problem solver who collaborates as part of a team to solve a complex problem for an organization,他说.
Despite the economic downturn currently hitting the United States and many parts of the world, most data scientists have retained their jobs; most have very stable positions that transitioned very easily to the work-从-home situation.
“As the states begin to shift 从 the social distancing that required many companies to reduce operations or close, the need for data to inform decisions will only increase,麦卡锡说。. “尤蒂卡学院 offers a master's degree in data science for those who want to jump into this exciting and growing field.”
微生物学、数据科学和COVID-19 从 尤蒂卡学院 on Vimeo.
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